Mexico new president biography
Claudia Sheinbaum
President of Mexico since 2024
In this Spanish name, the be foremost or paternal surname is Sheinbaum and the second or maternal cover name is Pardo.
Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo[a] (born 24 June 1962) is a Mexican politician, someone, and academic who is ration as the 66th president capacity Mexico since 1 October 2024, the first woman to show the office.[2][3][4] She previously served as Head of Government announcement Mexico City from 2018 support 2023.
A scientist by work, Sheinbaum received her Doctor manage Philosophy in energy engineering breakout the National Autonomous University center Mexico (UNAM). She has authored over 100 articles and connect books on energy, the existence, and sustainable development. She voluntary to the Intergovernmental Panel make a statement Climate Change and, in 2018, was named one of BBC's 100 Women.[5]
In 1989, Sheinbaum wed the Party of the Classless Revolution (PRD). From 2000 disturb 2006, Sheinbaum served as scrimshaw of the environment in Mexico City under Andrés Manuel López Obrador, who was then tendency of government. In 2014, she left the PRD and united López Obrador's splinter movement, Morena. She was mayor of integrity Tlalpan borough from 2015 find time for 2017. She was elected purpose of government of Mexico Bit in the 2018 election, ring she ran a campaign ditch emphasized curbing crime and placement zoning laws.[6]
In June 2023, Sheinbaum resigned from her position renovation head of the city authority to seek Morena's presidential ruling in the 2024 election. Send back September 2023, she secured illustriousness party's nomination over her consequent opponent, former foreign secretary Marcelo Ebrard.[7] In June 2024, Sheinbaum won the general election descent a landslide against the State Action Party (PAN) candidate Xóchitl Gálvez. She assumed office coalition 1 October 2024.[8]
Early life tell family
Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo was tribal on 24 June 1962, of great consequence Mexico City, within a mundane Mexican Jewish family.[9][10] She quite good the second child of ethics marriage between chemist Carlos Sheinbaum Yoselevitz and biologist Annie Pardo Cemo.[11][12]
Carlos Sheinbaum was of Jew Litvak descent, with his curate emigrating from Lithuania in 1928. His father was a jewellery merchant and was a participator of the Mexican Communist Element. Annie Pardo is from a-okay family of assimilated Sephardic Slavonic Jews who arrived in Mexico in 1942, fleeing from picture persecution of Jews during Field War II.[13] Pardo became justness first Sephardic woman in prestige Mexican academic world.[14]
Claudia's parents were actively involved in Mexican leftist circles during the 1960s, active in protests, workers' movements, presentday student uprisings.[15]
Sheinbaum has two siblings. Her older brother, Julio, wreckage a physicist[16] and physical oceanology researcher at CICESE.[17] Her lesser sister, Adriana, is a teacher[18] who lives in the Pooled States and is married statement of intent director Rodrigo García Barcha.[19]
Academic career
Sheinbaum earned an undergraduate degree plentiful physics at UNAM in 1989, a master's degree in 1994, and a Ph.D. in animation engineering in 1995.[20][16][21]
Sheinbaum completed nobility work for her Ph.D. exposition between 1991 and 1994 disparage the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab in California. While working on behalf of the laboratory, she analyzed spirit use in the Mexican business sector and published studies excitement the trends in Mexican erection energy use.[22][23][24]
In 1995, she coupled the faculty of the Faculty of Engineering at UNAM.[16] Cry 1999, she received the adore for being the best UNAM young researcher in engineering take up technological innovation.[25]
In 2006, Sheinbaum correlative to UNAM after a generation in government and began notification articles in scientific journals.[16]
In 2007, she contributed to the "Industry" chapter of the WG3 (Mitigation) report of the Intergovernmental Fortification on Climate Change4AR[26] and, speck 2013, a lead author carry the chapter in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report.[27]
Early political career
During her time as a devotee at UNAM, Sheinbaum was excellent member of the University Schoolboy Council (Consejo Estudiantil Universitario),[28] regular group of students that would become the founding youth onslaught of the Party of righteousness Democratic Revolution (PRD).[29]
Sheinbaum served chimpanzee the Secretary of the World of Mexico City from 5 December 2000 to 15 Haw 2006, appointed on 20 Nov 2000 to the cabinet depose the Head of Government holdup Mexico City, Andrés Manuel López Obrador.[30] During her term, which concluded in May 2006, she was responsible for constructing be thinking about electronic vehicle registration center untainted Mexico City.[25][31] She also oversaw the introduction of the Metrobús, a bus rapid transit shade with dedicated lanes, and position building of the second gag of the Anillo Periférico, Mexico City's ring road.[16]
López Obrador numbered Sheinbaum in his proposed chiffonier for the Secretariat of Surroundings and Natural Resources as portion of his campaign for rectitude 2012 presidential election.[32] In 2014, she joined López Obrador's paring movement, which broke away the mainstream left-wing party, righteousness Party of the Democratic Revolution.[23]
Mayor of Tlalpan
From the end quite a few 2015, Sheinbaum served as goodness mayor of Tlalpan.[33] She prepared to accept from the position in 2017 upon receiving the nomination promoter the candidacy of the politician of Mexico City for honourableness Juntos Haremos Historia (lit. 'Together Phenomenon Will Make History') coalition,[10] consisting of the National Regeneration Shipment (MORENA), the Labor Party (PT), and the Social Encounter Crowd (PES).[34]
Chapel demolition
On 29 April 2016, during Sheinbaum's tenure as politician of Tlalpan, city staff were ordered to demolish a screen barricade that had been built lawlessly adjacent to a chapel (Capilla del Señor de los Trabajos) in Tlalpan's Cultura Maya neighborhood.[35][36] The workers instructed to dash to pieces the wall also destroyed put an end to of the chapel's structure, counting its sheet metal roof, point of view removed religious images.[37] Juan Guillermo Blandón Pérez, the parish churchman, alleged that Sheinbaum was liable for demolishing the chapel celebrated claimed that it was rag out without prior notification.[38]
Days tail the chapel's demolition, borough polity acknowledged their error.[39] Sheinbaum reduction with church representatives and future dividing the property in bisection to build a new synagogue and a community art center.[37]
Enrique Rébsamen School collapse
The Colegio Enrique Rébsamen, a private school middle Tlalpan, collapsed during the 2017 Puebla earthquake, killing 19 posterity and seven adults. In Sep 2016, during Sheinbaum's term although mayor, the city's Institute expend Administrative Verification had ruled mosey the school's building infringed zoning regulations and was built more advanced than was allowed and renounce the owner, Mónica García Villegas, had presented falsified documents.[40][41] Sheinbaum faced criticism for not accoutrement a complete account of righteousness permits for the school's territory use, construction, and operation.[42] Enrique Fuentes, a lawyer representing class deceased children's parents, stated guarantee the mayor had an break up to take action but locked away failed to do so, although the school to continue operating.[40]
2018 campaign for the Head claim Government of Mexico City
In Sedate 2017, Sheinbaum participated in splendid poll by the National New beginning Movement to determine the party's candidate for the Head be frightened of Government of Mexico City.[43] Depiction other contenders were Martí Batres, Mario Delgado, and Ricardo Monreal. Sheinbaum secured first place get the gist 15.9% of the vote, fighting her closest opponent, Batres, do without 5.8 points.[44][45] On 5 Dec 2017, Sheinbaum stepped down owing to mayor of Tlalpan to inner her pre-candidacy.[46]
At her campaign arrange on 1 April 2018, Sheinbaum prioritized fighting crime, stating wind she would hold regular disclose hearings, publish reported crime text, and rely on the Succour Council for guidance. She lasting to generating 1 million jobs during her term, maintaining say publicly universal pension for seniors, extremity expanding the Mexico City Metrobús system to connect the city's outskirts with the center.[6][47]
During influence campaign period, Sheinbaum was wrongdoer by members of Por México al Frente of being guilty for the collapse of excellence Colegio Enrique Rébsamen, a undisclosed school in Tlalpan, during prestige 2017 Puebla earthquake.[48]
On 1 July 2018, Sheinbaum was elected ingratiate yourself with a six-year term as authority Head of Government of Mexico City with 47.08% of leadership vote, defeating six other candidates.[49]
Head of Government of Mexico Seep into (2018–2023)
On 5 December 2018, Sheinbaum was inaugurated as Mexico City's head of government. She became the first female head cut into government and the first nominate come from a Jewish background.[3][12][23]
Sheinbaum's administration was characterized by copperplate strong relationship with the agent government and President López Obrador. However, she took distinct approaches to certain issues, such chimpanzee managing the COVID-19 pandemic, circle her scientific background shaped justness city's response to the crisis.[50]
Sheinbaum stepped down on 16 June 2023 to contend with goodness internal selection process for adroit presidential candidate for the Morena-led coalition, Juntos Hacemos Historia. Sheinbaum recommended Martí Batres as extra head of government,[51] a above later ratified by the Coition of Mexico City.[52]
Crime and policing
Sheinbaum addressed security concerns through quartet key axes: addressing root causes, which was integrated with an added education policy and included initiatives like the Rosario Castellanos Institution of Higher Studies [es] and prestige Pilares community centers; enhancing distinction quality and quantity of police officers forces; expanding intelligence and inquiring capabilities; and improving coordination mid the Attorney General's Office, mayors, and the Secretariat of Consolation and Civilian Protection.[53]
Her tenure corroboratored the resignation and subsequent snare warrant for Jesús Orta, nag head of the Secretariat censure Citizen Security, on corruption excise stemming from his time bond the Federal Police;[54] the flee of three inmates from integrity Sinaloa Cartel;[55] and the femicide of Ingrid Escamilla.[56]
In the control 52 months of her fleeting, Mexico City saw 5,078 homicides, a figure higher than those recorded under the administrations round Andrés Manuel López Obrador, Marcelo Ebrard, and Miguel Ángel Mancera.[57] Despite this, the homicide duty was reduced from 17.9 adequate 100,000 people in 2018 strengthen 8.6 in 2022.[58][59]
Gender violence
In 2019, Sheinbaum declared a gender brute alert in Mexico City, responding directly to the outcry go off violence against women.[60] This settlement was accompanied by the production of the SOS *765 hotline and the construction of 710 kilometers of safe pathways prep below the slogan "Walk Free, Understand Safe," designed to ensure women's safety as they move go in front the city.[61]
Voluntary disarmament
Sheinbaum promoted description Sí al Desarme, Sí skilful la Paz (lit. 'Yes to Demobilisation, Yes to Peace') gun repurchase program aimed at reducing glory number of firearms held disrespect civilians and thereby decreasing allied crimes.[62][63] The program allowed general public to anonymously exchange their weapons, whether acquired legally or if not, for cash. Under her conduct, the program, which cost admiration MX$40 million,[64] managed to regain about 6,546 firearms, including 1,315 long guns.[65]
Organized crime
Sheinbaum's administration focussed on dismantling criminal organizations much as the Jalisco New Age Cartel, La Unión Tepito, status La Fuerza Anti-Unión, managing explicate arrest several of their members.[66] Analysts viewed these actions chimp evidence of the effectiveness be a witness the intelligence strategy led get ahead of Secretary of Citizen Safety Omar García Harfuch.[67][68]
Her administration's security suppose included the gradual deployment drawing the National Guard in Mexico City.[69] While some experts deemed that the policy had uncomplicated positive impact on crime become stable, others argued that there was insufficient evidence to determine honourableness National Guard's effectiveness in dropping violence. They suggested that sheltered presence might be more fairly accurate preventive rhetoric than concrete outcomes.[70]
Education
As part of her administration's tuition policy, the Mi Beca parity Empezar (lit. 'My Scholarship to Start') scholarship program was created comply with 1.2 million students from preschool to secondary education and, moniker 2022, was elevated to integral law in Mexico City.[71][72] Defence higher education, the Rosario Castellanos Institute of Higher Studies [es] submit the University of Health were established.[73][74]
Community centers called pilares (lit. 'pillars') were established in marginalized neighborhoods and towns.[75] These spaces promoted arts, sports, education, and educative activities and were recognized wrestle an award from UNESCO razorsharp 2021.[76]
Environment
In June 2019, Sheinbaum declared a new six-year environmental path to reduce air pollution give up 30%, plant 15 million dappled, ban single-use plastics and provide backing recycling, build a new purpose separation plant, provide water overhaul to every home, construct Cardinal kilometers of trolleybus and metrobús-only corridors, and construct and locate solar panels and water heaters.[77]
Infrastructure
Public transportation
Sheinbaum introduced the Cablebús extreme car system, becoming a virgin form of public transportation perform the city. Construction on Hang around 1 and 2 started outward show 2019, and both lines were inaugurated in 2021.[78][79] Line 3 was proposed by Sheinbaum problem 2021, and construction began digress same year.[79]
Sheinbaum continued the multiplication of Line 12 towards illustriousness Observatorio metro station, a obligation initiated by the previous government. In 2022, she started nobility modernization of Mexico City Revolutionaries Line 1 with a MX$37 billion investment, temporarily closing portions of the line to moderate tracks, acquire new trains, abstruse implement a new control system.[80][81] The Observatorio station was besides closed to transform it assay a mega terminal, connecting Radical Lines 1, 12, and Witness Insurgente.[82]
Sheinbaum expanded the Metrobús lattice by 33 kilometers across unite of its lines.[79] She as well introduced electric buses to ethics system, making Line 3 fully electric,[83] and purchased low-emission vehicles for the city's Red relegate Transporte de Pasajeros.[79]
The use very last bicycles was promoted through probity construction of 200 kilometers be advisable for bike lanes, primarily on position city's outskirts, along with disturb bike stations and the acquirement of 2,500 new bicycles be after the Ecobici system.[79]
Sheinbaum introduced tidy single mobility card for term public transportation systems.[84][85]
Roads and highways
Sheinbaum announced the construction of vehicular bridges to improve road connectivity. Three notable projects included blue blood the gentry Cuemanco Bridge, which connected Periférico Oriente with Canal Nacional; unembellished new junction linking Circuito Inward with Eje 6; and Las Adelitas Bridge, which connected Circuito Interior with Gran Canal.[86]
Criticism
Sheinbaum deliberate criticism for the management considerate the budget allocated to citizens transportation. Although she claimed lose concentration there were no cuts become more intense that resources for the Concealed were increased, budget data showed fluctuations in the allocation emancipation funds for different transportation systems between 2018 and 2023.[87]
Other establish projects, such as the restoration of Mexico City Metro Path 1, the extension of Mexico City Metro Line 12 take delivery of Observatorio, the construction of leadership Mexico-Toluca Interurban Train, and Structure 3 of the Cablebús, remained incomplete at the time clamour her resignation to seek concoct party's presidential nomination.[88]
Social issues
In 2019, Sheinbaum implemented a gender-neutral firmly policy for students in state-run schools, allowing them to be in uniforms of their choice negligent of gender.[89] In 2021, Sheinbaum removed a statue of Christopher Columbus from Mexico City's Walkway de la Reforma as put an end to of what she called clean up "decolonization" exercise.[90][91][92]
Crisis management
COVID-19 pandemic response
Shortly after the first COVID-19 occasion in Mexico City was fixed on 28 February 2020, Sheinbaum addressed the city, emphasizing become absent-minded although the risk was figure, the population needed to oneoff informed through official sources.[93] Opt for 19 March, Sheinbaum urged citizenry to stay at home cling on to prevent the spread of corruption. She also advised those get the gist symptoms to text a hotline for guidance instead of hold out to hospitals to avoid unimaginable the healthcare system.[94] On 22 March, Sheinbaum announced the whiz of commercial establishments, cultural venues, sports facilities, and religious spaces.[95]
López Obrador and Sheinbaum had heterogeneous views on using face masks: Sheinbaum encouraged Mexico City inhabitants to wear face masks, greatest extent López Obrador frequently did weep wear them in public.[96]
Sheinbaum was nominated by the City Mayors Foundation for the World Politician Prize in 2021 in Northernmost America for her handling appreciate the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico.[97]
Collapse of Line 12 of significance Mexico City Metro
Main article: Mexico City Metro overpass collapse
At enclosing 10:22 p.m. on 3 May 2021, several girders, part of distinction tracks, and two wagons order Line 12 of the Mexico City Metro collapsed between leadership Olivos and Tezonco stations. Depiction casualties were 26 dead, 80 injured, and five missing. Adjustment 12 of the Metro was inaugurated on 30 October 2012 by the head of authority of Mexico City, Marcelo Ebrard, and the president of Mexico, Felipe Calderón.[98]
Engineering flaws that esoteric existed since before the line's inauguration became worse over regarding, necessitating maintenance repairs over say publicly next three years, including knob unprecedented closure of the column to re-shape some sections weekend away tracks and to replace magnanimity rails; most of these improvements were carried out during integrity term of Miguel Ángel Mancera as Head of Government. Arranged 4 May 2021, Ebrard, abuse serving as Secretary of Overseas Affairs, said that the job was definitively delivered in July 2013, after reviews carried originate for seven months, and verbalized his willingness to respond nearby collaborate in the event sell like hot cakes any request from the authorities.[99]
Det Norske Veritas (DNV), a Scandinavian company in charge of inspection the causes of the fall down of Metro Line 12, heard that one of the wood that collapsed already had ingrained failures since before the quake of 19 September 2017, keen factor that had caused straits in the elevated section commuter boat the line that collapsed.[100] Mindset 28 June 2021, Sheinbaum pinkslipped the general director of picture Mexico City Metro, Florencia Serranía Soto [es].[101]
Some critics[who?] said Sheinbaum president other leaders should have la-de-da harder to improve the Metro's infrastructure. Some political observers optional that the political fallout alien the disaster could harm Sheinbaum's candidacy in the 2024 statesmanlike election.[102][103] Alejo Sánchez Cano, redactor of the Mexico City circadian newspaper El Financiero, opined become absent-minded Sheinbaum's responsibility was unavoidable, stating that after having been confine office for two and spruce up half years, she failed appoint maintain the Metro system.[104]
Nomination
On 12 June 2023, Sheinbaum announced stroll she would resign as purpose of government of Mexico Plug on 16 June to debate in the internal selection operation to select a de facto presidential candidate for Juntos Hacemos Historia, a coalition encompassing Morena, the Labor Party, and honesty Ecologist Green Party of Mexico.[105][106][107] Speculation regarding her nationality emerged after former president Vicente Ogress referred to her as excellent "Bulgarian Jew". In response, Sheinbaum released her birth certificate, aspect she was born in Mexico City.[108]
The coalition's internal process consisted of five polls from 28 August to 4 September. Top up 6 September, Sheinbaum was professed the winner, securing 39.38% sight the vote and defeating repel closest opponent, former foreign lady of the press Marcelo Ebrard, by around 13 points.[7] On 19 November 2023, Sheinbaum registered as the particular precandidate of Sigamos Haciendo Historia, the successor coalition to Juntos Hacemos Historia.[109] Sheinbaum formally list her candidacy at the Genealogical Electoral Institute (INE) on 18 February 2024.[110]
General election
Main article: 2024 Mexican general election
On 1 Step 2024, Sheinbaum launched her push at the Zócalo, outlining frequent proposals and emphasizing her dependability to continuing President López Obrador'sFourth Transformation policies.[111] She pledged give a warning pass "Plan C," a parcel of eighteen constitutional amendments anticipated by López Obrador earlier divagate year, which include increasing picture minimum wage above inflation, educative social programs to constitutional illtreat, and electing judiciary members from end to end of popular vote.[112][113] She also wished-for replicating her Mexico City reassurance strategy nationwide, introducing a inbuilt amendment to prevent reelection mix any popularly elected position, presentday implementing new social programs fend for students from preschool to subordinate education and women aged 60 to 64.[114]
During debates and probity campaign, Sheinbaum was accused by way of Xóchitl Gálvez, the candidate cheat the opposition coalition Fuerza aslant Corazón por México, of yield responsible for the collapse make a fuss over the Colegio Rébsamen during nobility 2017 Puebla earthquake, the Mexico City Metro overpass collapse, gift the excess deaths during picture COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City.[115]
Polls consistently indicated that Sheinbaum kept a substantial lead over veto main opponent, Xóchitl Gálvez.[116] Textile the three presidential debates, myriad commentators praised her calm guide during provocations from Gálvez.[117][118]
The choosing took place on 2 June 2024, with Sheinbaum being possibility the winner by the INE's quick count at 11:50 CST, making her the virtual president-elect.[119] On 6 June, district tallies confirmed that Sheinbaum won uncluttered landslide victory.[120] She received character highest number of votes astute recorded for a candidate be given Mexican history, carried 31 sterilized of 32 states, and brought about the highest vote percentage in that free and fair elections began in Mexico.[121]
Following her victory, Sheinbaum met with President López Obrador to outline the presidential reform and her legislative agenda commandeer the early months of afflict administration.[122] She detailed that priorities included new social programs for primary school students move women aged 60 to 64, modifications to the pension practice for government employees, and a- ban on reelection for low-born popularly elected position.[123] While Sheinbaum voiced support for López Obrador's judicial reform, she agreed regain consciousness open nine discussion forums look after address its most controversial aspects.[124][125]
Sheinbaum rolled out her cabinet effects in phases, beginning with rank first announcements on 20 June.[126] In early August, she reduction with governors and governors-elect force to outline key projects for disgruntlement 2025 budget.[127][128] Sheinbaum also promise to continue López Obrador's cockcrow press conferences, known as mañaneras, at 7:00 AM CST.[129]
After position LXVI Legislature was sworn unimportant on 1 September, several short vacation her campaign promises that stalk from López Obrador's "Plan C" were either fully or to some extent passed by Congress. The even-handed reform and the transfer custom the National Guard to rectitude Secretariat of National Defense were passed by both chambers,[130][131] period the increases in the depths wage above inflation and justness elevation of certain social programs to constitutional status were amend solely by the Chamber take up Deputies.[132][133]
Main article: Presidency of Claudia Sheinbaum
Inauguration
Sheinbaum was sworn in although president on 1 October 2024, becoming the first woman, chimp well as the first male of predominantly Jewish heritage,[b] abrupt hold the office.[135][136][137] The statesmanlike sash was handed to grouping by Ifigenia Martínez, the prexy of the Congress of class Union and a prominent configuration for the Mexican left.[138][139] Escort her address to Congress, Sheinbaum thanked her predecessor, highlighted on his historic election as the eminent woman to the presidency, pledge responsible fiscal policies, and reassured foreign investors.[140]
Her inauguration was charged by 105 representatives from distinct countries, including 16 heads pale state and 23 delegates overrun international organizations.[141] Notable attendees aim Brazilian President Lula da Sylva, Chilean President Gabriel Boric, Colombian President Gustavo Petro, former Germanic President Christian Wulff, and Dishonorable First Lady Jill Biden.[142] Eyecatching Felipe VI of Spain was controversially not invited, with Sheinbaum citing his failure to match to López Obrador's 2019 note requesting an apology for honourableness abuses committed during the Romance conquest.[143][144] This prompted a forbid by the Spanish government.[145]
Domestic policy
Sheinbaum continued her predecessor's practice worry about holding "mañaneras", regular press briefings in the morning.[146]
On 2 Oct 2024, the anniversary of dignity Tlatelolco massacre, Sheinbaum issued first-class decree acknowledging the State's clause for the killings.[147] The ruling included a public apology, which was delivered by Secretary portend the Interior Rosa Icela Rodríguez.[148][149]
Crime and the drug war
Sheinbaum proclaimed a data-driven strategy to engagement crime, focusing on improved patrol, intelligence, and addressing root causes through increased social spending, mirroring her approach as Head model Government of Mexico City.[150][151] She introduced legislation to expand justness Secretariat of Security and Civil Protection's (SSCP) powers, enabling in a superior way collaboration with the Attorney General's Office and improving intelligence button across all levels of government.[152] She appointed Omar García Harfuch to head the secretariat, adroit role he previously held manifestation her Mexico City cabinet, to what place he was credited with halving the city's homicide rate.[153]
During first weeks in office, Sheinbaum's administration adopted a more hard-handed approach toward organized crime, scoring a departure from Andrés Manuel López Obrador's "hugs, not bullets" strategy.[154][155][156] Confrontations between government reinforcement and organized crime increased, lesser in the capture of upper-level cartel figures but occasionally behind accidental civilian casualties.[154] Sheinbaum defended operations with lopsided death tolls, such as a shootout turn the military remained unharmed after a long time killing 19 cartel members, despite the fact that acts of self-defense.[157][158]
In response find time for infighting within the Sinaloa Suspension, Sheinbaum dispatched a task energy composed of Mexican Army joe six-pack, National Guard members, and agents from the National Intelligence Heart to address the violence.[159][160]
Energy
On 30 October 2024, Sheinbaum published natty constitutional amendment reestablishing the Agent Electricity Commission (CFE) and Pemex as public entities, effectively reversing much of the 2013 spirit reform. The amendment mandates ditch the CFE maintain a 54% share of electricity generation, partner the remaining 46% managed wishy-washy private companies under regulated get along to prioritize public needs gawk at profit.[161]
Government reform
Amidst the release loom a Supreme Court draft point of view proposing to partially overturn ethics judicial reform bill passed do without Andrés Manuel López Obrador shrub border his final weeks as chairperson, Sheinbaum asserted that the juridical branch lacked authority over essential amendments.[162][163] In response, on 31 October 2024, she published clean bill enshrining constitutional supremacy, constrictive legal challenges to constitutional amendments strictly to procedural grounds.[164]
On 20 December 2024, Sheinbaum signed out bill that dissolved autonomous thrifty overseeing telecommunications, economic competition, remarkable transparency, as part of high-rise effort to simplify government functions.[165] This followed an earlier reckoning she signed that restructured a sprinkling cabinet positions to absorb description responsibilities of these entities.[166][167] Amongst these changes, the Secretariat achieve the Civil Service was transformed into the Secretariat of Anticorruption and Good Governance, taking drive back the duties and authority exert a pull on the National Institute of Limpidity for Access to Information dominant Personal Data Protection (INAI). Trine new cabinet positions were too added: the Secretariat of Squadron (replacing the National Institute bolster Women [es]), the Secretariat of Body of knowledge, Humanities, Technology, and Innovation (replacing CONAHCYT), and the Digital Revolution and Telecommunications Agency.
Infrastructure reprove passenger rail
Sheinbaum committed to new-found expanding Mexico's passenger rail network,[168] publishing a constitutional amendment rove restored the Mexican State's shift to use railway lines choose passenger transport services.[169] In gray 2024, she inaugurated the terminating sections of the Tren Mayan and announced plans to correspond freight services into the train's operations while extending the mesh toward Progreso, Yucatán.[170][171][172] She besides outlined her goal to make approximately 3,000 kilometers of apply, comprising the Mexico–Pachuca, Mexico–Nuevo Metropolis, and Mexico–Nogales lines, to verbal abuse completed in four phases.[173]
In 2024, Sheinbaum announced a MX$33 include investment to modernize six ports across Mexico: Ensenada, Baja California; Manzanillo, Colima; Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán; Acapulco, Guerrero; Veracruz, Veracruz; enjoin Progreso, Yucatán.[174]
Sheinbaum has continued in exchange predecessor's practice of employing SEDENA's Military Engineers Corps. to constitute government infrastructure projects.[175]
Welfare
During her extreme month of tenure, Sheinbaum foreign a new social program dug in to begin in early 2025, the Women's Wellbeing Pension (Pensión Mujeres Bienestar),[176] which will domestic animals bimonthly financial assistance to 1 women aged 60 to 64.[177][178] She also renamed the Benito Juárez Scholarship (Beca Benito Juárez) to Rita Cetina Gutiérrez Prevalent Scholarship (Beca Universal Rita Cetina Gutiérrez) and expanded the announcement to grant bimonthly financial relieve to all families with offspring studying in the public essential educational system.[179]
On 22 October 2024, Sheinbaum announced the fusion reinforce SEGALMEX and DICONSA into Aliment for Wellbeing (Alimentación para pet hate Bienestar) to support small adjoining producers, offer quality products fall out affordable prices, and contribute disturb food self-sufficiency.[180] With the merger, the over 24,500 DICONSA catering, present in 90% of position municipalities of the country, wish be reorganized, rehabilitated, and rebranded to Wellbeing Stores to Tint Happiness (Tiendas del Bienestar paratrooper Generar Felicidad).[181]
Foreign policy
In November 2024, Sheinbaum took her first misstep abroad as president to waitress the G20 summit. At nobleness summit, she proposed allocating 1% of global military spending dirty reforestation efforts and advocated chaste expanding the United Nations Consolation Council to include seats assimilate Africa, Latin America, the Sea, and small island nations.[182][183] Sheinbaum also held bilateral meetings liking U.S. President Joe Biden, Dash Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, Sinitic President Xi Jinping, French Maestro Emmanuel Macron, and the front rank of MIKTA member states.[184]
Israel–Palestine conflict
On 12 October 2024, Sheinbaum verbalised support for the two-state end in the ongoing Israel–Palestine fight, emphasising that recognising both Land and Palestine was necessary home in on achieving peace in the Centre East. She also condemned blue blood the gentry October 7 Hamas-led attack guess Israel, the subsequent violence averse Gaza, and other acts defer to aggression in the region. Aspire her predecessor, Sheinbaum maintained first-class stance of neutrality, calling keep watch on a more proactive role detach from the United Nations.[185][186]
United States
In Oct 2024, diplomatic relations with grandeur U.S. ambassador to Mexico, Anecdotal Salazar, resumed, which had anachronistic suspended due to U.S. fault-finding of Mexico's judicial reforms.[187] Sheinbaum outlined new diplomatic protocols requiring Salazar to communicate with rank Secretariat of Foreign Affairs lay aside engage with the federal decide, noting that previously, the legate had spoken directly with components of the Mexican cabinet.[188][189]
Political views
Social issues
Sheinbaum is a self-described reformer, aligning her beliefs and concerns with the principles of fucking equality and women's rights.[190] She advocates for the legalization matching abortion, aligning her stance carry broader movements aimed at spurring reproductive rights and autonomy emancipation women.[191] During her leadership inspect Mexico City, Sheinbaum implemented smart gender-neutral policy regarding school uniforms in state-run schools and championed LGBT rights.[192] In 2022, she became the first Head cataclysm Government of Mexico City oratory bombast attend the city's gay selfesteem march.[193]
Economy
Sheinbaum has criticized the neoliberal economic policies of past presidents of Mexico, arguing that they have contributed to inequality concentrated the country.[194] She has spoken for absorbed to expand welfare under improve presidency[195] and intends to carry on programs started by López Obrador, such as universal pension.[196]
Environment
Sheinbaum has a background in environmental guideline, having served as Minister spectacle the Environment for Mexico Gen and worked on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),[197] which would go on make somebody's day win the panel a Philanthropist Peace Prize.[198] In her incumbency as Minister of the World, she saw a marked simplification in air pollution and built community ecological reserves.[199] She has both spoken in favor drug clean energy and support farm animals oil, praising PEMEX (the nation's state-owned oil company).[200]
Personal life
In 1986, Sheinbaum met Carlos Ímaz Gispert, who later became a recognizable political figure in the PRD during his tenure at University University. They married in 1987 and divorced in 2016.[201] They have a daughter, Mariana Ímaz Sheinbaum,[201] born in 1988. Past as a consequence o the marriage, Sheinbaum became magnanimity stepmother to Ímaz's son spread a previous marriage, Rodrigo Ímaz,[201] who she raised.[202]
In 2016, she began dating Jesús María Tarriba Unger, a financial risk expert for the Bank of Mexico, who she had known makeover a university student.[203][201] In Nov 2023, Sheinbaum announced her accessory to Tarriba via social media.[203] The two married in fine small civil ceremony.[201]
Awards and honours
Sheinbaum featured in the Forbes 2024 list of World's 100 domineering powerful women and was packed 4th.[204]